Meter
Definition: A meter, or metre (symbol: m), serves as the fundamental unit of length and distance within the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as the distance light travels in 1/299,792,458 of a second. This definition underwent a slight modification in 2019 to align with an updated understanding of the second.
History/origin: Initially established in 1793, the meter was defined as one ten-millionth of the distance from the equator to the North Pole. This definition evolved in 1889 when the International prototype metre was introduced, represented by a prototype meter bar (composed of 90% platinum and 10% iridium) measured at the melting point of ice. In 1960, the meter was redefined once more, this time based on a specific number of wavelengths from a particular emission line of krypton-86. The current meter definition is effectively consistent with the one adopted in 1983, with minor adjustments reflecting the new definition of the second.
Current use: As the SI unit of length, the meter is utilized globally across various fields for measuring distance, height, length, width, and more. The United States stands out as a notable exception, primarily using US customary units like yards, inches, feet, and miles instead of meters for everyday measurements.